Dianas quirúrgicas en el tratamiento de enfermedades psiquiátricas. Desde el movimiento a las emociones

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for psychiatric disorders refractory to conventional treatments are currently been performed based in the knowledgment obtained in the motor disorder surgery and mainly in Parkinson´s disease. Depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome, all of them are cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical pathological process involved in the limbic loop of the basal ganglia. This review describes the different targets in these pathological neuro-psychiatric disorders. For OCD there are currently two targets, ventral striatum (VS) Accumbens nucleus (Nacc) and the subthalamic nucleus (STN). In refractory depression the subgenual area (25 Brodmann area) and VS/Nacc. For Tourette syndrome the ventralis oralis internus and centromedianum/ parafascicularis of the thalamus (Voi and CM/Pf) and the internal part of the globus pallidus (GPi). Currently there are no specific surgical target for each pathological disorder because clinical results reported are very similar after stimulation surgery. In other point, a selected surgical target also may improve different pathologies

Factors associated with a higher rate of distant failure after primary treatment for glioblastoma

Our purpose was to analyze the pattern of failure in glioblastoma (GBM) patients at first recurrence after radiotherapy and temozolomide and its relationship with different factors. From 77 consecutive GBM patients treated at our institution with fluorescence guided surgery and standard radiochemotherapy, 58 first recurrences were identified and included in a retrospective review. Clinical data including age, Karnofsky performance score, preoperative tumor volume and location, extend of resection, MGMT promoter methylation status, time to progression (PFS), overall survival (OS) and adjuvant therapies were reviewed for every patient. Recurrent tumor location respect the original lesion was the end point of the study. The recurrence pattern was local only in 65.5% of patients and non-local in 34.5%. The univariate and multivariate analysis showed that greater preoperative tumor volume in T1 gadolinium enhanced sequences, was the only variable with statistical signification (p < 0.001) for increased rate of non-local recurrences, although patients with MGMT methylation and complete resection of enhancing tumor presented non-local recurrences more frequently. PFS was longer in patients with non-local recurrences (13.8 vs. 6.4 months; p = 0.019, log-rank). However, OS was not significantly different in both groups (24.0 non-local vs. 19.3 local; p = 0.9). Rate of non-local recurrences in our series of patients treated with fluorescence guided surgery and standard radiochemotherapy was higher than previously published in GBM, especially in patients with longer PFS. Greater preoperative enhancing tumor volume was associated with increased rate of non-local recurrences

The oncolytic virus Delta-24-RGD elicits an antitumor effect in pediatric glioma and DIPG mouse models

Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) and diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are aggressive pediatric brain tumors in desperate need of a curative treatment. Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as a solid therapeutic approach. Delta-24-RGD is a replication competent adenovirus engineered to replicate in tumor cells with an aberrant RB pathway. This virus has proven to be safe and effective in adult gliomas. Here we report that the administration of Delta-24-RGD is safe in mice and results in a significant increase in survival in immunodeficient and immunocompetent models of pHGG and DIPGs. Our results show that the Delta-24-RGD antiglioma effect is mediated by the oncolytic effect and the immune response elicited against the tumor. Altogether, our data highlight the potential of this virus as treatment for patients with these tumors. Of clinical significance, these data have led to the start of a phase I/II clinical trial at our institution for newly diagnosed DIPG (NCT03178032)

Factors associated with a higher rate of distant failure after primary treatment for glioblastoma

Our purpose was to analyze the pattern of failure in glioblastoma (GBM) patients at first recurrence after radiotherapy and temozolomide and its relationship with different factors. From 77 consecutive GBM patients treated at our institution with fluorescence guided surgery and standard radiochemotherapy, 58 first recurrences were identified and included in a retrospective review. Clinical data including age, Karnofsky performance score, preoperative tumor volume and location, extend of resection, MGMT promoter methylation status, time to progression (PFS), overall survival (OS) and adjuvant therapies were reviewed for every patient. Recurrent tumor location respect the original lesion was the end point of the study. The recurrence pattern was local only in 65.5% of patients and non-local in 34.5%. The univariate and multivariate analysis showed that greater preoperative tumor volume in T1 gadolinium enhanced sequences, was the only variable with statistical signification (p < 0.001) for increased rate of non-local recurrences, although patients with MGMT methylation and complete resection of enhancing tumor presented non-local recurrences more frequently. PFS was longer in patients with non-local recurrences (13.8 vs. 6.4 months; p = 0.019, log-rank). However, OS was not significantly different in both groups (24.0 non-local vs. 19.3 local; p = 0.9). Rate of non-local recurrences in our series of patients treated with fluorescence guided surgery and standard radiochemotherapy was higher than previously published in GBM, especially in patients with longer PFS. Greater preoperative enhancing tumor volume was associated with increased rate of non-local recurrences

Anales de Edafología y Agrobiología Tomo 35 Número 11-12

2019-08.- CopyBook.- Libnova.- Biblioteca ICA.Complejos orgánicos de la ancilla como sistemas modelos para polímeros y biomembranas, por G. Lagaly.-- Especies iónicas de Feadsorbidas por arcillas, por l. Tovar, F. Costa y A . Lax.-- Mycorrhizes et fixation d’azote, par Y. Dommergues.-- Estudio mineralógico de la fracción arcilla de suelos desarrollados sobre rocas cristalinas en Cabo de Gata, por J. Fernández, J. Íñiguez y J. Aguilar.-- The effects of ageing and soaking on the phenolic concent and germination of phaseolus seeds, por M. D. V. Gesto y A. Vázquez.-- Contribución al estudio de los materiales volcánicos de las Islas Canarias para su utilización en hidro ponía. li. Tratamiento con solución nutritiva, por A. C. Blesa Rodríguez y A. de Luque Escalona.-- Características mineralógicas de la fracción 2u en intergrados andosoltierra parda oligotrófica. I, por C. Rodríguez-Pascual, O. Cabezas Viaño, M. L. Tejedor Salguero y E. Fernández Caldas.-- Efectos de los herbicidas alacloro y difenamida sobre la nitrificación, por M. Tena Aldave, R. Garrido Lindenfelder y J. Soriano Pozo.-- Estudio de los ácidos húmicos de dos fertilizantes orgánicos, sirle y turba, en suelos calizos. II. Métodos espectroíotométricos, por J. Cegarra, L. Reverte y A. Lax.-- Estudio comparativo de técnicas para evaluar la disponibilidad del K en los suelos. l. Los parámetros Q/l y el K cambiable, por J. A. Díez y V. Hernando.-- Estudio comparativo de técnicas para evaluar la disponibilidad del K en los suelos. IL Extracción de K con Ac-H4N N, y con CaCi2 0,01 N, F, tanto por ciento de saturación de K y b, por J. A. Díez y V. Hernando.-- Determinación de hierro total en suelos calizos por fluorescencia de rayos X, por M. R. Martínez-Fresneda, M. Caro, M. Romero y F. C. Fernández.-- Suelos del valle medio del Guadalquivir: zona Posadas-Fuente Palmera, por M. Medina Camicer, C. H errero Molino, L. Clemente Salas y G. Paneque Guerrero.-- Desplazamiento vertical de nitrato marcado con N 15 en el perfil del suelo, por Esther Simón Martínez.-- Contenido, distribución y formas del cinc en suelos naturales y rocas del N W de España. I. Contenido de cinc ligado a la materia orgánica, soluble, mineralizable y total en suelos naturales y rocas de la provincia de La Coruña, por F. Guitián Ojea y Mª Luisa Andrade Couce.-- Contenido, distribución y formas de cin.c en suelos naturales y rocas del N W de España. II. Características químicas de los suelos y relación entre el contenido de cinc y los distintos componentes del suelo, por Mª Luisa Andrade Couce y F. Guitián Ojea.-- Contenido, distribución y formas del cinc en suelos naturales y rocas del N W de España. III. Influencia del material de partida y del desarrollo del perfil en el contenido del cinc, por MªLuisa Andrade Couce y F. Guitián Ojea.-- Estudio de ia interacción K-Ca en plantas de lechuga de diferente desarrollo, por Mª P. Sánchez Conde.-- Procesos geo-edáficos en la génesis, evolución y desarrollo de la tierra parda meridional. l. Aspectos generales y catado actual de los conocimientos, por A. Guerra Delgado y J. L. Moreno Alvarez.-- Estudios recapitulativos.-- International scope of trace element biochemistry by A. Santos.—Notas.-- Dr. D. José Luis Moreno Alvarez.-- Nombramiento del Pro f. Zorita como Director general de Política Científica.-- Viaje a Sudamér}ca de miembros del Instituto Nacional de Edafología. Inauguración de la Cátedra José Mª Albareda en Lima.-- La Junta de Gobierno del Patronato Alonso de Herrerase reúne en Pontevedra y Santiago de CompostelaPeer reviewe

The oncolytic virus Delta-24-RGD elicits an antitumor effect in pediatric glioma and DIPG mouse models

Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) and diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are aggressive pediatric brain tumors in desperate need of a curative treatment. Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as a solid therapeutic approach. Delta-24-RGD is a replication competent adenovirus engineered to replicate in tumor cells with an aberrant RB pathway. This virus has proven to be safe and effective in adult gliomas. Here we report that the administration of Delta-24-RGD is safe in mice and results in a significant increase in survival in immunodeficient and immunocompetent models of pHGG and DIPGs. Our results show that the Delta-24-RGD antiglioma effect is mediated by the oncolytic effect and the immune response elicited against the tumor. Altogether, our data highlight the potential of this virus as treatment for patients with these tumors. Of clinical significance, these data have led to the start of a phase I/II clinical trial at our institution for newly diagnosed DIPG (NCT03178032)

Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with life-threatening COVID-19

International audienceInterindividual clinical variability in the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is vast. We report that at least 101 of 987 patients with life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia had neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies (auto-Abs) against interferon-ω (IFN-ω) (13 patients), against the 13 types of IFN-α (36), or against both (52) at the onset of critical disease; a few also had auto-Abs against the other three type I IFNs. The auto-Abs neutralize the ability of the corresponding type I IFNs to block SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. These auto-Abs were not found in 663 individuals with asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and were present in only 4 of 1227 healthy individuals. Patients with auto-Abs were aged 25 to 87 years and 95 of the 101 were men. A B cell autoimmune phenocopy of inborn errors of type I IFN immunity accounts for life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia in at least 2.6% of women and 12.5% of men